午夜伧理A级日韩1片

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【高效溝通】說人話，不要廢話：簡單准確表達的溝通藝術

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程家樂

發表時間 2023-11-10

閱讀數 2863

最后编辑：琦琦于 2025-05-16 16:05:53

摘要：如何高效溝通，打破知識的詛咒？

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1990年，美国斯坦福大学研究生伊丽莎白·牛顿（Elizabeth Newton）做了一个实验。在整个实验中，演奏者一共击打了120首非常知名的歌曲，其中包括了生日快乐歌，但听猜者只猜对了3首，成功率仅为2.5%。

對于演奏者來說，這麽簡單的音樂肯定很好猜；對于聽者來說，沒有旋律只有節奏的敲擊聲，聽起來只是一段古怪的節奏。這種認知偏差被稱爲：「知識的詛咒」。

認知偏差歸根結底，是源自雙方的信息不對等。人在溝通的時候總是太以自己爲視角，我們一旦掌握了某些知識，就無法想象它在未知者眼裏的樣子。就像騎自行車，一旦學會了，就很難再回到不會騎的感覺。

該如何破除「知識的詛咒」呢？

1.做無知假設。

時刻假設對方對這件事情是一無所知的狀態，不要擔心自己會說“廢話”，把最基礎的內容也同步給對方。

2掌握費曼學習法

费曼学习法的核心是：如果你讲的知识能让外行人听懂，才算真的掌握了这个知识。通过掌握费曼学习法，可以幫助自己更好地更迅速地掌握信息。

3簡單准確地表達

盡量用最簡單的語言，准確的數字，讓對方明白你想表達什麽，你的意圖是什麽。也就是——盡量“說人話”，盡量避免使用專業詞彙。

其实在讲解“知识的诅咒”这期視頻时，我们要想在短时间内完全讲透，让所有人都明白，这几乎不可能，那么，这算不算也是一种“知识的诅咒”呢？

或許，每個人都逃不出“知識的詛咒”……

“每當你想要批評任何人的時候，要記住這世上並非所有的人都曾擁有像你那樣優秀的條件。”——菲茨傑拉德《了不起的蓋茨比》

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For the next few days the proposed journey was the theme of conversation in the Bassett family. Mary examined all the books she could find about the countries her brother expected to visit; then she made a list of the things she desired, and the day before his departure she gave him a sealed envelope containing the paper. She explained that he was not to open it until he reached Japan, and that he would find two lists of what she wanted. From the railway station our travellers went to the Nihon Bashi, in order to begin their journey from the centre of the empire. A more[Pg 116] practical reason was a desire to see the river, and the great street leading to it, as they would get a good idea of the extent of the city by taking this route, and would obtain numerous glimpses of Japanese street life. They found the streets full of people, and it seemed to the boys that the whole population must be out for an airing. But the Doctor informed them that the sight they were witnessing was an every-day affair, as the Japanese were essentially an outdoor people, and that many of the industries which in other countries would be conducted under a roof were here seen in progress out of doors. The fronts of the Japanese houses are quite open to the view of the public, and there is hardly anything of what we call privacy. It was formerly no uncommon sight to see people bathing in tubs placed in front of their door-steps; and even at the present time one has only to go into the villages, or away from the usual haunts of foreigners, to see that spectacle which would be unknown in the United States. The bath-houses are now closed in front in all the cities, but remain pretty much as before in the smaller towns. Year by year the country is adopting Western ideas, and coming to understand the Western views of propriety. The one at the end accomplishing a graceful pirouette is me--I mean Even M. Vacherot, with all his anxiety to discover an Oriental origin for Neo-Platonism, cannot help seeing that this attack on the Gnostics was inspired by an indignant reaction of Greek philosophy against the inroads of Oriental superstition, and that the same character belongs more or less to the whole system of its author. But, so far as we are aware, Kirchner is the only critic who has fully worked out this idea, and exhibited the philosophy of Plotinus in its true character as a part of the great classical revival, which after producing the literature of the second century reached its consummation in a return to the idealism of Plato and Aristotle.522 "At eight o'clock, sir," he answered resentfully, "in front of the dry-goods store on the main street. If that is convenient for your men." "Come on over," the master said from the doorway. "Come on over." He made a beckoning motion. 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But there was another solace, that, strange as it may appear to some minds, arose from the thought, that whatever might befall him, the baron's heir would share in it. At first, when he had been removed to Sudley, mild measures were resorted to. He was lodged in a comfortable apartment, fed plentifully, and promised his freedom with whatever reward he might claim, if he would but speak satisfactorily as to the lost child. When this failed, he was sent to the keep, and for a week black bread and cold water were the only articles of aliment supplied; and then the peine forte et dure was resorted to. But though his face was swollen, and of a livid, purple hue, and the eyes seemed starting from their sockets at the pressure on his chest, as he lay with his limbs extended on the earth, yet would he not speak the word which would have released him from all this suffering. The extreme punishment, however, of adding weights until nature could sustain no more, was delayed from day to day. 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